Simulation studies involve using computer programs to create models of real-world systems or processes in order to study their behavior and outcomes. These studies are often used in various fields such as engineering, economics, and social sciences to analyze complex systems, test hypotheses, and make predictions. Simulation studies allow researchers to manipulate variables, test different scenarios, and observe the effects of these changes in a controlled, virtual environment. This provides valuable insights into how systems function and how they may respond to different conditions. Overall, simulation studies help researchers to better understand and improve systems, make informed decisions, and identify potential risks or opportunities for optimization.